Causing Biodiversity Loss? <\/strong><\/p>\nThe relatively rapid expansion of oil palm plantations in the last 20 years has been often accused of threatening biodiversity loss (Fitzherbert et al., 2008; Koh and Wilcove, 2008; Foster et al., 2011; Savilaakso et al., 2014; Vijay et al., 2016; Austin et al., 2019; Qaim et al., 2020). The attribution of oil palm plantations to biodiversity loss has also led to palm oil and its derivatives being classified as high-risk commodities in the European Union (EU).<\/p>\n
But actually, if compared to other vegetable oils, the production of palm oil causes the lowest biodiversity loss. Beyer et al., (2020) and Beyer & Rademacher (2021) have conducted a study on the comparison of global biodiversity loss between vegetable oils by comparing the biodiversity of land cover between before and after conversion to vegetable oil crops. The study measured the footprint indicator of Species Richness Loss (SRL) per liter of oil produced as a measure of biodiversity loss. The results showed that palm oil is the vegetable oil with the lowest biodiversity loss.<\/p>\n
Meanwhile, the vegetable oil with the greatest biodiversity loss is soybean oil. The study also showed that reducing palm oil consumption and switching to other vegetable oils will lead to the increase of global biodiversity loss.<\/p>\n
Oil Palm Friendly to Biodiversity<\/strong><\/p>\nSeen from its morphological structure, the oil palm is classified as a perennial plant, while other vegetable oil plants are seasonal or short-lived plants. Oil palm trees are planted with minimum tillage, minimum weeding, no ratoons, will grow into trees with relatively large diameters and heights, and have a canopy cover approaching 100 percent at maturity. Oil palm trees grow and produce for one cycle (life span) of 25-30 years. This allows for the regrowth of biodiversity (regrowth biodiversity).<\/p>\n
Such argument is also in accordance with the findings of various studies (Erniwati et al., 2017; Santosa et al., 2017; Santosa and Purnamasari, 2017; Suharto et al., 2019) which reveal that the number of types of biodiversity in mature oil palm plantations is not always lower than the biodiversity on the land before it was used as an oil palm plantation (Ecosystem Benchmark) or biodiversity in forested areas (High Conservation Value) around it.<\/p>\n
Palm Integration With Others Raise Biodiversity <\/strong><\/p>\nGenerally, the areas granted by the government to corporations with legal status of \u200b\u200bCultivation Rights are only around 60-70 percent used for oil palm plantations. The remaining 30-40 percent is allocated for High Conservation Value (HCV)\/High Carbon Stock (HCS) areas, employee housing, offices, and public and social facilities. The HCV and HCS areas are intended for the conservation of biodiversity and natural resources in the plantation cultivation area.<\/p>\n
In addition, the cultivation of oil palm plantations also has a role in biodiversity conservation through planting legumes such as Calopogonium sp., Pueraria sp., Mucuna sp., Centrosema sp under an intercropping system in between the oil palm trees when they are not yet in production age.<\/p>\n
In the case of those trees in production age, biomass from pruning, empty fruit bunches and land application of POME which returns oil palm biomass to the land, also foster soil microbial biodiversity. The integration of oil palm with other crops (foods, vegetables, fruits) and the integration of oil palm with livestock also show big potential to increase biodiversity in oil palm plantations.<\/p>\n
__________________________________<\/p>\n
Thus, it is clear that there is a decrease of biodiversity of oil palm plantations during land clearing, but then the biodiversity increases along with the increasing age of oil palm plantations up to 25-30 years. Can the biodiversity in the plantations of other vegetable oils as short-lived plants emulate that in oil palm plantations, which are richer in biodiversity due to its nature as perennial plants? (*)<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\nPalmoilina.asia. https:\/\/palmoilina.asia\/berita-sawit\/biodiversity-loss-karena-sawit\/. Biodiversity Loss Karena Kebun Sawit ? Hoax atau Fakta ? [Infografis 2024]. March 26, 2024<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
JAKARTA – An area is categorized in biodiversity loss when a number of species in its ecosystem decreases. The decrease could occur locally in certain habitats or globally with the extinction of certain species.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":957,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":70,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3708,3709],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29505","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publication","category-recent-news"],"yoast_head":"\n
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