{"id":29580,"date":"2025-04-11T07:15:21","date_gmt":"2025-04-11T07:15:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gapki.id\/en\/?p=29580"},"modified":"2025-04-14T07:21:45","modified_gmt":"2025-04-14T07:21:45","slug":"through-greener-palm-sugar-ri-can-reach-self-sufficiency","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gapki.id\/en\/news\/2025\/04\/11\/through-greener-palm-sugar-ri-can-reach-self-sufficiency\/","title":{"rendered":"Through Greener Palm Sugar, RI Can Reach Self-Sufficiency"},"content":{"rendered":"

Indonesia is increasingly dependent on import of sugar as local production cannot fulfill the domestic demand, which has been continually growing. To solve this problem, the government has been pushing for a self-sufficiency in sugar by utilizing palm-based brown sugar as an alternative to sugar from sugarcane. The palm brown sugar is produced from palm sap derived from the trunks of oil palms that were cut down during replanting program.<\/p>\n

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Dari satu batang tanaman kelapa sawit tua yang sudah tidak produktif, bisa dihasilkan sekitar 60 kg gula sawit (Doc. FMT)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Palm brown sugar offers a number of advantages, which include more sustainable, abundantly available, low cost, minimal impact to environment, and healthier as it is based on fructose. From one old and no longer productive palm trunk can be derived around 60 kg of palm brown sugar.<\/p>\n

With an estimation of potential production of palm brown sugar at 3.7 million tons each year from around 4.0% plantation areas subjected to replanting program every year, Indonesia can realize its self-sufficiency in greener and more competitive sugar.<\/p>\n

But such development needs supportive policies from upstream to downstream, which include production incentives, and progressive import tariff of sugar to protect the local market.<\/p>\n

The government under President Prabowo Subianto has set a number of food self-sufficiency targets. One of the targets which get serious attention from the government is the target of sugar self-sufficiency.\u00a0 It is because Indonesia is dependent on the import of sugar (Import<\/em>\u00a0Dependency Ratio<\/em>, IDR) in big amount and tends to increase.<\/p>\n

Based on data from the agriculture ministry (2024), IDR of Indonesia\u2019s sugar increased every year, showing the level of Indonesia\u2019s dependence on sugar import has been increasing every year as domestic production could not meet the rising need.<\/p>\n

The domestic production of sugar relies only on domestic plantations of sugarcane. The potential alternative sources of sugar production were under utilized. One of the alternative sources is the production of palm brown sugar from the oil palm trunks.<\/p>\n

Considering the issue, this article will cover the potential palm brown sugar as an alternative and substitution to the imported sugar in order to achieve Indonesia\u2019s self-sufficiency in sugar.<\/p>\n

Reliance on Sugar Import<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sugar is an important commodity in Indonesia. Besides household consumption, the sugar is also used as a raw material for foods and beverages industries in Indonesia. Along with population growth, composition and distribution, and economic growth, the consumption of sugar in Indonesia will be continually increasing. In 2000, the domestic consumption of sugar in Indonesia was still around 3.3 million tons.<\/p>\n

But in 2023 it increased to 7.9 million tons, while domestic production capacity only rose from 1.69 million tons to 2.6 million tons during the same period. In fact, the gap between consumption and production had been rising from just 1.7 million tons in 2000 to 4.3 million tons in 2023 (Figure 1).<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

To fill the deficit of domestic consumption, Indonesia has to import sugar. During the same period, Indonesia\u2019s sugar import volume increased from around 1.7 million tons to around 4.3 million tons (Figure 2).<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

The increase of sugar import had also increased Indonesian dependence rate (IDR) on sugar import from 51.5 \u00a0percent in 2000 to 54.4 percent in 2023. Considering that Indonesian dependence rate on sugar had reached more than 50 percent and tends to continually increase, it is threatening Indonesia\u2019s national food resilience. As the world\u2019s biggest importer of sugar, Indonesia\u2019s import of sugar will affect the global sugar market. If the sugar import volume increased, the domestic sugar supply and national food resilience will be affected.<\/p>\n

Considering the growth of local sugar production during the last 23 years, Indonesia\u2019s sugar import is projected to continually increase along with the increase in population growth, composition, and distribution, and income level.<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, the domestic production of sugar from sugarcane, despite being projected to rise especially for household consumption, will not be able to fully fulfill the need of industries due to the limited availability of land areas for sugarcane plantations.<\/p>\n

It means that Indonesia needs additional sugar production from other alternative sources, without expanding the land areas of sugarcane plantations. One of the alternative sources is the production of palm brown sugar from the trunks of oil palm trees.<\/p>\n

Advantages of Palm Brown Sugar<\/strong><\/p>\n

As the world\u2019s largest producer of palm oil, Indonesia has a total plantation areas of oil palm at around 16.8 million hectare. Of the total plantation areas, around 4.0 percent needs to be subjected every year to replanting program, which is aimed at maintaining production stability. From those subjected to replanting program, oil palm trees can be cut down for taking their sap as raw material to produce palm brown sugar. \u00a0(Fauzi, 2006;\u00a0 PASPI Research Team, 2019<\/a>).<\/p>\n

Based on the experiences of farmers in many regions across Indonesia, the palm trunks can produce sap water for 30-40 days with an average production of 5-7 liters per day. With an extraction rate of 20 \u2013 30 percent, each of the palm trunk can produce around 1.2 \u2013 1.75 kg per day during the production phase of sap water from the trunks. It means during the 30 days, around 6.84 tons of palm brown sugar per hectare can be produced from plantations under replanting program.<\/p>\n

If the plantation areas subjected to replanting program in Indonesia are around 572 thousand hectares per year, then the production of palm brown sugar per year can be realized at 3.9 million tons per year (Siahaan, 2018).<\/p>\n

There are a number of advantages of the palm brown sugar.\u00a0 First<\/em><\/strong>, the palm brown sugar is a fructose sugar, not sucrose sugar derived from sugarcane. From the health perspective, the palm brown sugar is healthier than sugar from sugarcane.<\/p>\n

Actually, the fructose sugar is not new. The USA had developed fructose syrup from corn (high-fructose corn syrup<\/em>) since 1970s as a way to reduce its import of cane sugar.<\/p>\n

The consumption of brown sugar is also part of traditions in each regions of Indonesia, ensuring its\u00a0acceptability<\/em>\u00a0among Indonesian people.<\/p>\n

Second<\/em><\/strong>, the palm brown sugar is available along the year as 4.0 percent of Indonesia\u2019s total palm plantation areas can be subjected to replanting program and therefore potential to be tapped for palm sap water. With those potential areas, around 3.7 million tons of palm brown sugar can be produced every year.<\/p>\n

Third<\/em><\/strong>, the palm brown sugar is affordable for the general public, while it can be available in 26 palm oil producing provinces and 250 regencies. It is affordable because its source is from palm trunks cut down from plantations subjected to the replanting program every year.<\/p>\n

Fourth<\/em><\/strong>, it is more sustainable compared to other sources of sugar\u00a0<\/em>(PASPI, 2023;\u00a0PASPI Monitor, 2024<\/a>). The use of palm brown sugar is part of circular economy as it is derived from the wastes of oil palm trees, which are trunks. It is also free from\u00a0land use changes<\/em>\u00a0or land expansion. \u00a0Production of palm brown sugar has almost zero of carbon footprint<\/em>, or much lower than cane sugar.\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Fifth<\/em><\/strong>, production of palm brown sugar by using palm trunks can reduce the oryctes pests , which are the main enemy of oil palm trees, accelerate the utilization of palm trunks, and reduce the\u00a0replanting<\/em>\u00a0cost (for chipping<\/em>).<\/p>\n

In other words, the palm brown sugar can become a better alternative to realize Indonesia\u2019s sugar self-sufficiency due to its\u00a0availability<\/em>,\u00a0acceptability, affordability<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0sustainability<\/em>. With the potential production of the palm brown sugar at around 3.7 million tons per year, in addition to the existing sugar production, Indonesia can realize its sugar self-sufficiency.<\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n

Indonesia has been highly dependent on sugar import and continually rising every year. Due to such condition, the government has targeted to achieve sugar self-sufficiency as soon as possible. The production of palm brown sugar can significantly contribute in accelerating such achievement.<\/p>\n

The palm brown sugar also has a number of advantages, which include more hygienic, acceptable, available, affordable<\/em>, and\u00a0sustainable.\u00a0<\/em> With the production of palm brown sugar, Indonesia will not only help Indonesia in realizing its sugar self-sufficiency, but also its sustainability.<\/p>\n

Policy Implications<\/strong><\/p>\n

The production of palm brown sugar is potential to increase domestic supply of sugar to meet rising need and realize a sugar self-sufficiency in Indonesia.<\/p>\n

To reach the achievement, Indonesia needs a policy ecosystem which comprehensively supports the industry from upstream to downstream. For example, in production sector, various policies are needed to provide incentives for producers to produce the palm brown sugar commercially. The industry also needs a protection policy on import levy\u00a0<\/em>against sugar import with progressive tariff, as a way to increase the competitiveness of palm brown sugar at domestic market. (*)<\/p>\n

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT<\/strong><\/p>\n

The author expresses gratitude for \u00a0financial support from the Oil Palm Plantation Fund Management Board\u00a0 (BPDPKS) in the process of authoring the article of dissemination and this\u00a0policy brief<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Bibliography:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Fauzy N. 2006. Tapping and Management of Palm sap.\u00a0Warta PPKS.\u00a0<\/em>14(2): 15-19.\u00a0https:\/\/pis.iopri.co.id\/upload\/wartaIOPRI\/files\/230823100420.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. ITC Trademap. 2024.\u00a0Indonesia\u2019s Sugar Products Exports<\/em>.\u00a0https:\/\/www.trademap.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Agriculture Ministry. 2024.\u00a0Analysis of Sugar Trading Performance<\/em>. Agriculture Data Center and Information System, Secretariat General, Agriculture Ministry. ISSN\u00a0:\u00a02086\u00a0-4949<\/li>\n
  4. [PASPI] Palm Oil Agribusiness Strategic Policy Institute. 2023.\u00a0Myths and Facts of Indonesian Palm Oil Industries on Issues of Social, Economy, and Global Environment<\/em>. Fourth Edition. Bogor (ID): PASPI.<\/li>\n
  5. PASPI Monitor. 2024. Palm Oil A gift from God to global community.\u00a0Journal of Analysis Palm Oil Strategic Issues.\u00a0<\/em>4(26): 917-922.\u00a0https:\/\/palmoilina.asia\/jurnal-kelapa-sawit\/minyak-sawit-anugerah-tuhan\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. Siahaan D. 2018.\u00a0Palm-based Food Industries for IKM<\/em>. Seminar Presentation on Strengthening the cooperative institutions of oil palm smallholders on 27-29 September 2018 in Banjarmasin.<\/li>\n
  7. PASPI Research Team. 2019. The Potential of Palm Brown Sugar for Indonesia\u2019s Sugar Self-Sufficiency. Monitor Analysis of Palm Oil Strategic Issues. 5(8): 1427-1432.\u00a0https:\/\/palmoilina.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/5.8.-POTENSI-GULA-MERAH-SAWIT-UNTUK-SWASEMBADA-GULA-INDONESIA.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. [USDA] United States Department of Agriculture. 2024.\u00a0Sugar Annual: Indonesia<\/em>.\u00a0https:\/\/apps.fas.usda.gov<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Palmoilina.asia. GULA MERAH SAWIT UNTUK SWASEMBADA GULA BERKELANJUTAN<\/em>. https:\/\/palmoilina.asia\/jurnal-kelapa-sawit\/gula-merah-sawit-indonesia\/. Maret 3, 2025<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Indonesia is increasingly dependent on import of sugar as local production cannot fulfill the domestic demand, which has been continually growing. To solve this problem, the government has been pushing for a self-sufficiency in sugar by utilizing palm-based brown sugar as an alternative to sugar from sugarcane. The palm brown sugar is produced from palm… Through Greener Palm Sugar, RI Can Reach Self-Sufficiency<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29582,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":70,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3708,3709,3720],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29580","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publication","category-recent-news","category-sustainability"],"yoast_head":"\nThrough Greener Palm Sugar, RI Can Reach Self-Sufficiency - Gabungan Pengusaha Kelapa Sawit Indonesia (GAPKI)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"To reach the achievement, Indonesia needs a policy ecosystem which comprehensively supports the industry from upstream to downstream..\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gapki.id\/en\/news\/2025\/04\/11\/through-greener-palm-sugar-ri-can-reach-self-sufficiency\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Through Greener Palm Sugar, RI Can Reach Self-Sufficiency - 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